The following graph shows the process of adding all of them together. I don't know the credit goes to whom. But when I did the dielectric log interpretation, we always did the similar graph. The real part in that case was the permittivity and the imaginary part was conductivity. After plotting the square root of the vector for each mineral, you add them up (with the length shortened in a way proportional to the volumetric fraction), and the total should be what you measured. if they are not matching, you can start pulling your hair like I did.
certainly in this case, the length is represented by the scattering capacity of the atom/dot in the lattice (sounds like a vegetable). Note that each dot has different capacity, and the capacity changes with 2theta.
Finally we have one Ftotal and Phi_total; in my junior years, I was thinking whether we could measure the amplitude and phase angle at each spot. The my dream broke, at each point, you could see only a bright spot in old days or a count number of Xrays as of today. The intensity or power or brightness is the only thing we can measure, which is normally related to the squares of the amplitudes.
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